Rabi Spectroscopy and Sensitivity of a Floquet Engineered Optical Lattice Clock
Mo-Juan Yin1†, Tao Wang2†, Xiao-Tong Lu1, Ting Li1, Ye-Bing Wang1, Xue-Feng Zhang2*, Wei-Dong Li3*, Augusto Smerzi3,4*, and Hong Chang1,5*
1Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China 2Department of Physics, and Center of Quantum Materials and Devices, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China 3Department of Physics and Institute of Theoretical Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China 4QSTAR, INO-CNR, and LENS, Largo Enrico Fermi 2, I-50125 Firenze, Italy 5School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Abstract：We periodically modulate the lattice trapping potential of a $^{87}$Sr optical clock to Floquet engineer the clock transition. In the context of atomic gases in lattices, Floquet engineering has been used to shape the dispersion and topology of Bloch quasi-energy bands. Differently from these previous works manipulating the external (spatial) quasi-energies, we target the internal atomic degrees of freedom. We shape Floquet spin quasi-energies and measure their resonance profiles with Rabi spectroscopy. We provide the spectroscopic sensitivity of each band by measuring the Fisher information and show that this is not depleted by the Floquet dynamical modulation. The demonstration that the internal degrees of freedom can be selectively engineered by manipulating the external degrees of freedom inaugurates a novel device with potential applications in metrology, sensing and quantum simulations.
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See the Supplemental Material for more details about experimental process, theoretical model, spectroscopy calculation, extraction of experiment parameters and Fisher information.
2021, Vol. 38 
