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Experimental Investigation of Lee–Yang Criticality Using Non-Hermitian Quantum System |
| Ziheng Lan1,2†, Wenquan Liu1,2,4†, Yang Wu1,2*, Xiangyu Ye1,2, Zhesen Yang5, Chang-Kui Duan1,2,3, Ya Wang1,2,3, and Xing Rong1,2,3 |
1CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
2CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
3Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
4School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
5Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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| Cite this article: |
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Ziheng Lan, Wenquan Liu, Yang Wu et al 2024 Chin. Phys. Lett. 41 050301 |
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Abstract Lee–Yang theory clearly demonstrates where the phase transition of many-body systems occurs and the asymptotic behavior near the phase transition using the partition function under complex parameters. The complex parameters make the direct investigation of Lee–Yang theory in practical systems challenging. Here we construct a non-Hermitian quantum system that can correspond to the one-dimensional Ising model with imaginary parameters through the equality of partition functions. By adjusting the non-Hermitian parameter, we successfully obtain the partition function under different imaginary magnetic fields and observe the Lee–Yang zeros. We also observe the critical behavior of free energy in vicinity of Lee–Yang zero that is consistent with theoretical prediction. Our work provides a protocol to study Lee–Yang zeros of the one-dimensional Ising model using a single-qubit non-Hermitian system.
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Received: 23 November 2023
Published: 07 May 2024
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| PACS: |
03.67.Ac
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(Quantum algorithms, protocols, and simulations)
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05.70.Jk
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(Critical point phenomena)
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64.60.-i
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(General studies of phase transitions)
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03.65.-w
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(Quantum mechanics)
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