| FUNDAMENTAL AREAS OF PHENOMENOLOGY(INCLUDING APPLICATIONS) |
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Evolution of Energy in Submerged Granular Column Collapse |
| Wen-Tao Zhang1,2, Yi An2, Qing-Quan Liu3*, Xiao-Liang Wang3, and Yun-Hui Sun3 |
1School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
2Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,
3Department of Mechanics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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| Cite this article: |
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Wen-Tao Zhang, Yi An, Qing-Quan Liu et al 2020 Chin. Phys. Lett. 37 074502 |
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Abstract The evolution of energy in subaerial and subaqueous granular column collapses is studied. Employing the refractive index matching method and planar laser-induced fluorescence technique, we obtain granular and liquid images simultaneously in a single experiment of subaqueous flow. Particle image velocimetry and particle tracking velocimetry are used to process the data for the fluid and granular phase. We find stepwise decreases in the total kinetic energy of the granular material. The stage of rapidly falling energy corresponds to large transverse changes in the direction of the massive granular particles. Moreover, in this stage, a major fraction of the granular kinetic energy transferred from the granular potential energy is lost or transferred. Interestingly, compared with dry granular flow, the existence of an ambient liquid seems to reduce the total dissipated energy, which may be the reason why previous studies observed similar granular runout distances in subaqueous and dry granular collapses.
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Received: 06 March 2020
Published: 21 June 2020
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| PACS: |
45.70.Mg
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(Granular flow: mixing, segregation and stratification)
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47.55.Kf
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(Particle-laden flows)
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47.57.Gc
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(Granular flow)
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| Fund: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11872117, 11672310, and 11602278), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFC0303708). |
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