Chin. Phys. Lett.  2024, Vol. 41 Issue (10): 109801    DOI: 10.1088/0256-307X/41/10/109801
GEOPHYSICS, ASTRONOMY, AND ASTROPHYSICS |
Recent Developments on the H ${\scriptstyle{\rm I}}$ Gas of Low-Redshift Galaxies Seen by the 21 cm Emission Lines
Jing Wang1* and Xuchen Lin2
1Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Jing Wang and Xuchen Lin 2024 Chin. Phys. Lett. 41 109801
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Abstract As a major interstellar medium, the atomic neutral hydrogen (H ${\scriptstyle{\rm I}}$) HI plays an important role in the galaxy evolution. It provides the ingredient for star formation, and sensitively traces the internal processes and external perturbations influencing the galaxy. With the beginning of many new radio telescopes and surveys, H ${\scriptscriptstyle{\rm I}}$ may make a more significant contribution to the understanding of galaxies in the near future. This review discusses the major development of the 21 cm emission-line H ${\scriptscriptstyle{\rm I}}$ observations and studies in the past few years, including its scaling relations with other galaxy properties, its kinematics and structures, its role in environmental studies, and its constraints on hydrodynamical simulations. The local-Universe H ${\scriptscriptstyle{\rm I}}$ scaling relations of stellar-mass-selected samples extend smoothly to 10$^{9}M_\odot$ stellar mass, with a tentative evolution to the redshift of $\sim$ 0.1. The development of measurement techniques enables better estimations of H ${\scriptscriptstyle{\rm I}}$ non-circular motion, dispersion, and thickness, and new observations revealed extended or extra-planar H ${\scriptscriptstyle{\rm I}}$ structures, both helpfully constraining the gas accretion, stellar feedback, and star formation processes of galaxy evolution models. H ${\scriptscriptstyle{\rm I}}$ is very useful for tracing the satellite evolution in dense environments, the studies of which would benefit from ongoing blind H ${\scriptscriptstyle{\rm I}}$ surveys. Though simulations still cannot fully reproduce H ${\scriptscriptstyle{\rm I}}$ gas properties, they help to understand the role of possible factors in regulating H ${\scriptscriptstyle{\rm I}}$ properties.
Received: 01 July 2024      Review Published: 22 October 2024
PACS:  98.52.Nr (Spiral galaxies)  
  98.58.-w (Interstellar medium (ISM) and nebulae in external galaxies)  
  98.58.Ge (H I regions and 21-cm lines; diffuse, translucent, and high-velocity clouds)  
  98.62.-g (Characteristics and properties of external galaxies and extragalactic objects)  
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