| PHYSICS OF GASES, PLASMAS, AND ELECTRIC DISCHARGES |
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Verification of Energetic-Particle-Induced Geodesic Acoustic Mode in Gyrokinetic Particle Simulations |
| Yang Chen1,2,3, Wenlu Zhang2,4,3,1,5*, Jian Bao2,3, Zhihong Lin6, Chao Dong2,3, Jintao Cao2,3, and Ding Li2,4,3,5 |
1School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
2Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
3School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
4Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
5CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
6Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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| Cite this article: |
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Yang Chen, Wenlu Zhang, Jian Bao et al 2020 Chin. Phys. Lett. 37 095201 |
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Abstract The energetic-particle-induced geodesic acoustic mode (EGAM) is studied using gyrokinetic particle simulations in tokamak plasmas. In our simulations, exponentially growing EGAMs are excited by energetic particles with a slowing-down distribution. The frequencies of EGAMs are always below the frequencies of GAMs, which is due to the non-perturbative contribution of energetic particles (EPs). The mode structures of EGAMs are similar to the corresponding mode structures of GAMs. Our gyrokinetic simulations show that a high EP density can enhance the EGAM growth rate, due to high EP free energy, and that EPs' temperature and the pitch angle of the distribution modify the EGAM frequency/growth rate by means of the resonance condition. Kinetic effects of the thermal electrons barely change the EGAM frequency, and have a weak damping effect on the EGAM. Benchmarks between the gyrokinetic particle simulations and a local EGAM dispersion relation exhibit good agreement in terms of EGAM frequency and growth rate.
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Received: 27 May 2020
Published: 01 September 2020
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| PACS: |
52.35.Bj
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(Magnetohydrodynamic waves (e.g., Alfven waves))
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52.40.Mj
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(Particle beam interactions in plasmas)
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52.30.-q
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(Plasma dynamics and flow)
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| Fund: Supported by the National MCF Energy R&D Program (Grant Nos. 2018YFE0304100, 2018YFE0311300 and 2017YFE0301300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11675256, 11675257, 11835016, 11875067 and 11705275), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB16010300), the Key Research Program of Frontier Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. QYZDJ-SSW-SYS016), and the External Cooperation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 112111KYSB20160039). |
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