Signature of Critical Point in Momentum Profile of Trapped Ultracold Bose Gases
Qiang Zhu1,2,3 , Bing Wang1,2,3 , De-Zhi Xiong1,2** , Bao-Long Lü1,2
1 State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 4300712 Key Laboratory of Atomic Frequency Standards, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 4300713 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
Abstract ：We present a new method to identify the critical point for the Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) of a trapped Bose gas. We calculate the momentum distribution of an interacting Bose gas near the critical temperature, and find that it deviates significantly from the Gaussian profile as the temperature approaches the critical point. More importantly, the standard deviation between the calculated momentum spectrum and the Gaussian profile at the same temperature shows a turning point at the critical point, which can be used to determine the critical temperature. These predictions are also confirmed by our BEC experiment for magnetically trapped $^{87}$Rb gases.
收稿日期: 2016-04-11
出版日期: 2016-08-01
:
03.75.Hh
(Static properties of condensates; thermodynamical, statistical, and structural properties)
67.85.-d
(Ultracold gases, trapped gases)
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2016, Vol. 33 
