Wavenumber Selection by Bénard–Marangoni Convection at High Supercritical Number
Di Wu1, Li Duan1,2**, Qi Kang1,2**
1Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 2School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
Abstract：Marangoni–Bénard convection, which is mainly driven by the thermocapillary (Marangoni) effect, occurs in a thin liquid layer heated uniformly from the bottom. The wavenumber of supercritical convection is studied experimentally in a $160\times160$-mm$^{2}$ cavity that is heated from the bottom block. The convection pattern is visualized by an infrared thermography camera. It is shown that the onset of the Bénard cell is consistent with theoretical analysis. The wavenumber decreases obviously with increasing temperature, except for a slight increase near the onset. The wavenumber gradually approaches the minimum when the supercritical number $\varepsilon$ is larger than 10. Finally, a formula is devised to describe the wavenumber selection in supercritical convection.
2017, Vol. 34 
