Application of Plane Wave Method to the Calculation of Electronic States of Nano-Structures

The electronic states of nano-structures are studied in the framework of effective-mass envelope-function theory using the plane wave basis. The barrier width and the number of plane waves are proposed to be 2.5 times the effective Bohr radius and 15ⁿ, respectively, for n-dimensional nano-structures (n = 1, 2, 3). Our proposals can be widely applied in the design of various nano-structure devices.