Generation of One-Dimensional Array of Focused Hollow-Beam Pipes and Its Surface Microscopic Waveguide for Cold Atoms or Molecules

We propose a new scheme to guide cold atoms (or molecules) by using a one-dimensional (1D) array of focused hollow-beam pipes generated by the combination of a binary phase grating and a 1D array of micro-cylindrical lenses on the substrate surface. We also calculate the intensity distribution of the focused hollow-beam pipe array and its optical potential for ⁸⁵Rb atoms. The result shows that when the blue detuning of the incident beam and its intensity are 10 GHz and 7.0 x 10³W/m² respectively, the horizontal dark spot size of each focused hollow-beam pipe and the efficient optical potential are 4.4 μm and ~ 0.23 mK, which is high enough to guide cold ⁸⁵Rb atoms (~20 μK) from a standard optical molasses and then to realize the 1D array of surface atomic waveguides on an atom chip.