Long-Period Fibre Grating Thin Film Sensors Based on Cladding Mode Coupling

Based on a method of rigorous vector-field analysis, a numerical model of triple-clad long-period fibre grating is established. The vector components of the electric field for the HE₁₁ cladding mode are plotted to study the field distribution of the cladding mode. The local intensity curves of the first six l = 1 cladding modes are also given. It is found that the low-order HE modes have a larger proportion of intensity localized in the core than the low-order EH modes, just like the double-clad LPFG. Further, the coupling constant between the core mode and the cladding mode is analysed. The results show that the coupling constant of the low-order HE increases monotonously when the mode number becomes larger, and it varies monotonously with the film thickness except for a certain specific region.