Magnetism and Superconductivity in the t–J Model of La₃Ni₂O₇ Under Multiband Gutzwiller Approximation

The recent discovery of possible high temperature superconductivity in single crystals of La₃Ni₂O₇ under pressure renews the interest in research on nickelates. The density functional theory calculations reveal that both d_z² and d_x²–y² orbitals are active, which suggests a minimal two-orbital model to capture the low-energy physics of this system. In this work, we study a bilayer two-orbital t–J model within multiband Gutzwiller approximation, and discuss the magnetism as well as the superconductivity over a wide range of the hole doping. Owing to the inter-orbital super-exchange process between d_z² and d_x²–y² orbitals, the induced ferromagnetic coupling within layers competes with the conventional antiferromagnetic coupling, and leads to complicated hole doping dependence for the magnetic properties in the system. With increasing hole doping, the system transfers to A-type antiferromagnetic state from the starting G-type antiferromagnetic (G-AFM) state. We also find the inter-layer superconducting pairing of d_x²–y² orbitals dominates due to the large hopping parameter of d_z² along the vertical inter-layer bonds and significant Hund’s coupling between d_z² and d_x²–y² orbitals. Meanwhile, the G-AFM state and superconductivity state can coexist in the low hole doping regime. To take account of the pressure, we also analyze the impacts of inter-layer hopping amplitude on the system properties.