Horizontal–Longitudinal Spatial Correlation of Acoustic Field with Deep Receiver in the Direct Zone in Deep Water

The horizontal–longitudinal correlation of acoustic field for the receiver near the bottom is analyzed by using numerical modeling. An approximate analytical solution of horizontal–longitudinal correlation coefficient is derived based on the ray method. Combining the characteristic of Lloyd's mirror interference pattern, the variability of acoustic field and its effect on horizontal–longitudinal spatial correlation are discussed. The theoretical prediction agrees well with the numerical results. Experimental results confirm the validity of analytical solution. Finally, the applicability of the analytical solution is summarized. The conclusion is beneficial for the design of bottom-moored array and the estimation of integral time for moving source localization.