Theoretical Analysis of the Frequency Jump in E-fishbone Experiments

It is identified that barely passing electrons are the drive of the e-fishbones, rather than the barely trapped electrons at low frequency. The frequency jump in e-fishbone experiments is reproduced and analyzed. It is found that the e-fishbone frequency increases with the hot electron energy, which is consistent with the experiments. The growth rate of the mode (m=2, n=2) is greater than that of the mode (m=1, n=1).