Suppressing Charge Recombination in ZnO-Nanorod-Based Perovskite Solar Cells with Atomic-Layer-Deposition TiO₂

ZnO nanorods are passivated with a TiO₂ interfacial layer prepared by the atomic layer deposition method and applied in the CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite solar cell, which show a positive effect on the fill factor and power conversion efficiency. With TiO₂ interfacial passivation, the charge recombination in the ZnO/CH₃NH₃PbI₃ interface is effectively suppressed and the maximum power conversion efficiency is enhanced from 11.9% to 13.4%.