Triple Z⁰-Boson Production in a Large Extra Dimensions Model at the International Linear Collider

We investigate the effects induced by the interactions of the Kaluza–Klein graviton with the standard model (SM) particles on the triple Z⁰-boson production process at the International Linear Collider in the framework of the large extra dimension (LED) model. We present the dependence of the integrated cross sections on the electron-positron colliding energy √s, and various kinematic distributions of final Z⁰ bosons and their subsequential decay products in both the SM and the LED model. We also provide the relationship between the integrated cross section and the fundamental scale M_S by taking the number of the extra dimensions (d) as 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. The numerical results show that the LED effect can induce an observable relative discrepancy for the integrated cross section (δ_LED). We find that the relative discrepancy of the LED effect can even reach a few dozen percent in the high transverse momentum area or the central rapidity region of the final Z⁰-bosons and muons.