Temporal Skewness of Electromagnetic Pulsed Waves Propagating Through Random Media with Embedded Irregularity Slab

Electromagnetic pulsed waves can be distorted in the propagation through random media, and their energy distributions change along the leading and trailing edge of the waveform, which can be presented by the temporal skewness. The skewness presents asymmetry and is treated by the third order temporal moment, in which an analytic solution for the two-frequency mutual coherence function is obtained recently. Then, transionospheric pulses are discussed in details. Both theoretical analysis and numerical computation indicate that the contributions from scattering and dispersion of irregularities dominate over those of background, so the latter can be neglected in most cases. Also, the temporal skewness of a transionospheric pulse is negative and energy is shifted to the leading edge.