COLOR CENTERS IN LiNbO3 CRYSTALS
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Abstract
Color centers stable at room temperature with absorption bands peaking at 365m, 460nm, 540nm and 620nm were produced in LiNbO3 crystals by γ-radiation, Measurements with XPS (X-ray photoelectron energy spectroscopy) and ESR (electron spin resonance) techniques show that the concentration of Nb4+ ion is high in the reduced LiNbO3 crystal but no typical ten-line Nb4+ ESR spectrum appears. The experimental results can be explained by the Nb4+ ion-F+ center association model.
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