Generation of sub-60-attosecond pulse with 7 fs driving laser at 900 nm tailored by polarization gating technique

Attosecond light pulses have revolutionized the study of electron dynamics in materials by enabling the observation of ultrafast processes with unprecedented attosecond temporal resolution. They are primarily generated through the process of high-order harmonic generation (HHG). This paper presents a comprehensive setup for attosecond pulse generation and measurement. Using a 900 nm, 7 mJ, 7 fs femtosecond laser with stabilized carrier-envelope phase (CEP), we employ polarization gating to generate a near single-cycle, linearly polarized pulse that interacts with neon gas to produce a broadband extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) continuum with a cutoff photon energy of ~120 eV. The temporal and spectral characteristics of the generated single attosecond pulses are measured using attosecond streak camera, and the pulse duration is determined to be 59 as through the Frequency-Resolved Optical Gating for Complete Reconstruction of Attosecond Bursts (FROG-CRAB) retrieval algorithm. As part of the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility, this setup will facilitate ultrafast research in transient absorption and photoelectron spectroscopy, providing global users with a powerful tool for studying electron dynamics in various materials.