Doping Defects in Two-Dimensional Holographic Photonic Crystals Using a Continuous-Wave Visible Laser

It is demonstrated that defects of any shape or size can be doped in holographic photonic crystals using a cw visible laser and spherical/cylindrical lens. Defects with different sizes at any depth in the material can be obtained by controlling the position of the focal point of the lens and exposure value. We facilitate the implementation of sub-wavelength arbitrary point or line defects in large-size 2D holographic photonic crystals