An approach considering both pairing and anti-pairing correlations in superdeformed (SD) states is proposed. Calculated results show that not only the general changing feature but also the turnover of dynamical moment of inertia with rotational frequency of the first SD band of ¹⁹²Hg, ¹⁹⁴Hg, and ¹⁵²Dy are well described in the approach. It indicates that there exist competition, even change-over between the anti-pairing and pairing effects in the SD states in A ~ 190 and 150 ranges.

The vacuum properties at finite temperature for the linear sigma model are studied by using the effective potential formalism. It is found that the light hadronic masses drop fast with increasing temperature. An extensive scaling behavior of light hadronic masses is observed and is found to follow the scaling law postulated in dense matter.

A dynamical like-compact-star structure model is presented to treat the first-order phase transition from quark-gluon plasma to hadronic matter. It is found that the influence of latent heat released in phase transition on the single-photon spectra is too evident to be ignored even with the conventional expansion scenario.

A simple numerical method is developed to calculate the Floquet eigenstate and the quasienergy; the quantum Wigner function and the Husimi function in phase space in the atomic stabilization dynamics have also been studied Within the Kramers-Henneberger reference frame. The characteristic Wehrl entropy is introduced and used to measure the spreading and ionization of those obtained Floquet eigenstate wave packets.

The (400) stretching overtone band of AsH₃ has been observed near 8029.0 cm^-1 and analyzed in both symmetric and asymmetric top models. The results indicate that the dynamical symmetry of the (400) local mode state has reduced to that of an asymmetric top and the rotational energy levels can be assigned by a set of quantum numbers J, K_a, and K_c.

Accurate measurements of the binding energy spectrum and momentum distribution of argon areperformed using the high resolution (ΔE = 1.4 eV, Δp = 0.1 a.u.) energy multichannel (e, 2e) spectrometer (θ₁ = θ₂ = 45°,  = 0°- ±30°) built recently in our laboratory. Detailed satellite structure of argon has been observed. Good agreement can be found between the experimental data and the theoretical calculations performed using Hartree- Fock method with the different basis sets and configuration interaction method.

Using a laser vaporization/pulsed molecular beam source, photoionization time-of-flight mass spectra of bare aluminum clusters Al_n (n up to larger than 70) and of carbon-, oxygen-, and hydrogen-adducted aluminum clusters-associated complexes are detected. The cause of the observed odd-even alternation in reactivity of Al_n and the formation mechanism of the informative products are discussed.

The N = 3 femtosecond solitonlike pulses are observed directly in a self-mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser as well as even higher-order solitonlike pulses for the first time. When the laser is operating in a stable train of mode-locked pulses, the periodic pulse train appears by only varying the intracavity dispersion. The soliton period with N = 3 corresponds to a cavity round trip number of 164.

A new direct approach based on the separation of variables for the study of soliton perturbations is developed. As an example, the effects of perturbation on a soliton (kink), i.e., both the time-dependence of soliton parameters and the first-order correction are derived for perturbed sine-Gordon equation. Our approach is very concise and easy to understand, and it can be extended directly to deal with other nonlinear evolution equations.

A novel fiber optic moiré interferometer has been developed and demonstrated. A He-Ne laser and three high birefringence fibers were used to configurate a fiber optic interferometer. The moiré fringe patterns formed by the interferometer depend on the arrangement of three fiber ends. The experiment results and the intensity distribution function of the interference patterns are given.

Nonlinear behaviors of the stimulated Raman scattering and the corresponding four-wave process ( ω₀ → ω_s + ω_pl + ω_p2) are discussed. The analytic and numerical solutions of the coupling equations which count the decay of the pump wave have been given. The difference between three-wave and four-wave parameter processes is also indicated.

Hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon nitrogen (nc-SiN_x:H) films were prepared by rf glow discharge of gas mixture of silane (SiH₄) and nitrogen (N₂) diluted heavily by hydrogen (H₂). The effect of the gas volume ratios Xg of (SiU₄ +N₂)/H₂ and X_N) of N₂/SiH₄ on the crystallization and composition of films is described. The growth process and crystallization mechanism of nc-SiN_x:H films are discussed in detail.

An Sb delta doping layer in silicon is grown at the temperature of 300°C by silicon molecular beam epitaxy and characterized by the small angle x-ray reflectivity measurement using synchrotron radiation beam. The oscillations of the reflectivity caused by dopant Sb at Q as large as 14.5 are detected. Simulation of this curve as a whole shows that the total amount of dopant Sb is 0.15 monolayer and is restricted to two atomic layers. An extremely narrow Sb delta doping structure without Sb segregation is thus obtained at the growth temperature of 300°C as verified by the experiment.

A new method for metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) of GaAs on Si substrates is developed. Instead of the usual high temperature surface cleaning treatment for Si substrate, the new method uses room temperature HF vapor polishing in the preparation chamber in the MOCVD system as the first step of the growth. Single crystal GaAs layers with mirror-like surfaces were obtained.

Based on the modified Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Harniltonian and by adding the interchain hopping term, we consider the effect of interchain coupling on quantum lattice fluctuation in trans-polyacetylene. It has been found that the interchain coupling does not always weaken quantum lattice fluctuation. After overcoming a barrier of 1 eV or so, the quantum lattice fluctuation can induce a transition of interchain order. The physical meaning of these features is discussed.

The Cooper pairing near the boundary of a superconductor is analyzed by using the linear-response theory The system is described by the square lattice (t, -U) Hubbard model occupying half space. At half filling, the pairing also corresponds to the antiferromagnetic ordering in the repulsive Hubbard model. The numerical result clearly shows that, at weak to intermediate coupling (U/t ≤ l), the boundary exerts strong influence on the order parameter; the weaker the coupling, the deeper the order parameter is suppressed near the boundary. The present scheme is valid in the whole temperature regime of Cooper pairing.

Using finite-element analysis in a self-consistent way with the self-field of the current considered for superconducting thin film, the field and current distributions under partial field penetration are calculated based on the field dependent critical current density function. The field penetrated depth is non-linear with the applied field. Due to the limited resolution of the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), the full penetrated field measured by VSM may be much smaller than its actual value.

Cr⁶⁺ in K₂Cr₂O₇, (NH₄)₂Cr₂O₇, and K₂CrO₄ aqueous solution showed the same new strong band of 794cm^-1 in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) by using SERS silver substrates. This new feature could be assigned to a surface complex of silver and Cr⁶⁺, for instance Ag₂CrO₄. The feature of 794cm^-1 could be a fingerprint band for detecting pollutant Cr⁶⁺ in water from SERS by using the SERS active substrate of silver.

Optical properties of AlGaN/GaN double quantum wells grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition are investigated. The wide-angle and small angle x-ray diffraction spectra show high crystalline quality of the sample. Optical transmission and cathodoluminescence spectra exhibit that there is a blue shift of the energy bandedge in the AlGaN/GaN double quantum wells comparing to that of bulk GaN. The experimental data are compared to theoretical calculation based on the finite square well model and a confined particle transitions are identified. The observed energy shift which differs from calculated values of ground state electron to heavy hole transition is attributed to strain in the AlGaN/GaN system.

The MeV carbon cluster ions provided by 1.7 MV tandem accelerator were identified and Rutherford backscattering spectra of MeV carbon cluster ions on the gold film were measured with silicon surface barrier detector.

This paper suggests an effective method to detect the antimatter domain by means of x-ray background radiation if the universe is Symmetric. The photons produced by the annihilation of electron-positron and proton-antiproton on the last scattering surface are considered. A possible observational figure is described also.