Based on the Hirota method and the perturbation technique, the N-soliton solution of a generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV equation is obtained. Further, the N-soliton solution of a complex coupled KdV equation is given by reducing.

We present a scheme to generate the W state through the cavity-electron interaction involving a single-mode cavity and N identical electrons. Successive no-photon detection of the cavity projects the electrons to the desired W state. The time evolution of the electron-cavity system involving cavity decay is also discussed.

Using Hamiltonian based on Lie algebraic method, the stretching vibrational modes of C₃H₄ and C₃D₄ molecules are calculated up to higher overtones. The model appears to describe C-H and C-D stretching modes with less number of parameters. The locality parameter ξ confirms the highly local behaviour of the stretching modes of these molecules.

Elliptic flow for Au+Au non-central collisions at √s_NN=200GeV is investigated within a (2+1)-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The results show that the eccentricity scaling for the collisions is almost perfect. The evolution including the phase transition conforms to the demand of scaling invariance of hydrodynamics of the collision system.

A theoretical investigation on the differential cross section (DCS) from low-energy electron scattering of high-lying vibrational excited H₂ molecules is reported. The body-frame vibrational close-coupling (BFVCC) approach is used to solve the scattering equations. Quantum scattering potentials include static, exchange, and polarization contributions based on ab initio calculations. By including the contributions of 9 partial waves (N_e=9), 18 Morse vibrational states (N_υ=18), and 16 molecular symmetries (Λ=0,1,...,7), the calculated DCSs have good agreement with available experimental measurements and theoretical studies, and show that high angular momenta and good vibrational wavefunctions are necessary to better describe the scattering physics of electron-molecule vibrational excitation collisions.

We report a low-cost electro-optic (EO) sol-gel material with large EO coefficient and excellent poling stability for EO devices. Disperse red 1 (DR1) chromophore is doped in the three-dimensional silicon dioxide/titanium dioxide network possessing a high γ₃₃ (88pm/V at 1300nm wavelength and 71pm/V at 1550nm wavelength). Favourable poled stability (less than 5% relaxed after 2500 hours at 80°C) and low absorption are demonstrated. Strip-loaded waveguide Mach-Zehnder (M-Z) modulators are implemented based on this synthesized EO material, showing 7V half-wave voltage and less than 9dB insertion loss at 1550nm wavelength..

We investigate the polarization change of partially coherent electromagnetic vortex beams propagating in turbulent atmosphere. It is shown that the polarization of the beams will experience changes, and the changes of the polarization are dependent on the spatial coherence, topological charges of the beams, and the degree of polarization of the source plane and the atmospheric turbulence. The results obtained may have applications in space optical communication.

We report an efficient mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pumped by a pulsed Tm,Ho-codoped GdVO₄ laser. The 10-W Tm,Ho:GdVO₄ laser pumped by a 801nm diode produces 20ns pulses with a repetition rate of 10kHz at wavelength of 2.048μm. The ZnGeP₂ (ZGP) OPO produces 15-ns pulses in the spectral regions 3.65-3.8μm and 4.45-4.65μm simultaneously. More than 3W of mid-IR output power can be generated with a total OPO slope efficiency greater than 58% corresponding to incident 2μm pump power. The diode laser pump to mid-IR optical conversion efficiency is about 12%.

We design and fabricate an integrated optical electric field sensor with segmented electrode for intensive impulse electric field measurement. The integrated optical sensor is based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with segmented electrodes. The output/input character of the sensing system is analysed and measured. The maximal detectable electric field range (-75kV/m to 245kV/m) is obtained by analysing the results. As a result, the integrated optics electric field sensing system is suitable for transient intensive electric field measurement investigation.

A compact rectangular TE₁₀-TE₃₀ mode converter is developed for the lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) launcher on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) at 4.6GHz. The converter with periodic width perturbation aims to divide the microwave power into three sub-waveguides in the poloidal direction. We present the design and numerical calculation of the mode converter. Calculations are performed on the ripple wall converter by codes based on numerical solving the coupled-mode differential equations and on the simulation of the High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) package. The resulting conversion efficiency from TE₁₀ mode to TE₃₀ mode exceeds 95% within the bandwidth from 4.56GHz to 4.64GHz, and the return loss of the oversized transducer can be considerably decreased to 0.068% by means of a capacitive button embedded in the E-plane of the waveguide.

The simulated results of the influence of twin and three satellite formation mode on the accuracy of GRACE Earth's gravitational field are interpreted from the viewpoint of physics. Because the effective satellite observation information of Earth's gravitational field recovery from three-satellite formation mode is only one time more than that of twin satellites, the improvement of the accuracy of Earth's gravitational field is far lower than one order of magnitude based on the simple two-times differences between three satellites. Three efficient ways of improving largely the accuracy of measurement of the Earth's gravitational field in the future international satellite gravity measurement programme, including proper decrease of satellite orbital altitude, the increase of accuracy from key payloads and an innovation of satellite observation mode are proposed.