| CONDENSED MATTER: ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE, ELECTRICAL, MAGNETIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES |
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Dependence of Nonlinear Optical Response of Anatase TiO$_{2}$ on Shape and Excitation Intensity |
| Lu-Hua Guo, Ying-Wei Wang, Yong-Qiang Jiang, Si Xiao**, Jun He** |
Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083
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| Cite this article: |
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Lu-Hua Guo, Ying-Wei Wang, Yong-Qiang Jiang et al 2017 Chin. Phys. Lett. 34 077803 |
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Abstract Nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of anatase TiO$_{2}$ with nanostructures of nanoparticle (NP), nanowire (NW) and annealed nanowire (NWA) are studied by open-aperture and closed-aperture $Z$-scan techniques with a femtosecond pulsed laser at wavelengths of 532 nm and 780 nm simultaneously. At 532 nm, when increasing excitation intensity, NLO absorption of TiO$_{2}$ NPs transforms from saturable absorption to reverse-saturable absorption. However, NWs and NWAs exhibit the opposite change. At 780 nm, all samples show reverse-saturable absorption, but have different sensitivities to excitation intensity. Due to the larger surface-to-volume ratio of NPs and less defects of NWAs by annealing, nonlinear optical absorption coefficients follow the order NPs$\ge$NWs$\ge$NWAs. The results also show that these shape and annealing effects are dominant at low excitation intensity, but do not exhibit at the high excitation intensity. The NLO refractive index of NPs shows a positive linear relationship with the excitation intensity, whereas NW and NWAs exhibit a negative linear relationship. The results could provide some foundational guidance to applications of anatase TiO$_{2}$ in optoelectronic devices or other aspects.
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Received: 14 March 2017
Published: 23 June 2017
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| PACS: |
78.67.-n
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(Optical properties of low-dimensional, mesoscopic, and nanoscale materials and structures)
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78.67.Bf
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(Nanocrystals, nanoparticles, and nanoclusters)
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78.67.Uh
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(Nanowires)
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42.65.-k
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(Nonlinear optics)
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| Fund: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11404410 and 11504105. |
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