Chin. Phys. Lett.  2021, Vol. 38 Issue (8): 081201    DOI: 10.1088/0256-307X/38/8/081201
THE PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS |
Dynamically Exploring the QCD Matter at Finite Temperatures and Densities: A Short Review
Shanjin Wu1,2,3, Chun Shen4,5, and Huichao Song1,2,3*
1Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
3Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
4Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
5RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York 11973, USA
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Shanjin Wu, Chun Shen, and Huichao Song 2021 Chin. Phys. Lett. 38 081201
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Abstract We provide a concise review on recent theory advancements towards full-fledged (3+1)D dynamical descriptions of relativistic nuclear collisions at finite baryon density. Heavy-ion collisions at different collision energies produce strongly coupled matter and probe the QCD phase transition at the crossover, critical point, and first-order phase transition regions. Dynamical frameworks provide a quantitative tool to extract properties of hot QCD matter and map fireballs to the QCD phase diagram. Outstanding challenges are highlighted when confronting current theoretical frameworks with current and forthcoming experimental measurements from the RHIC beam energy scan programs.
Received: 28 April 2021      Published: 02 August 2021
PACS:  12.38.Mh (Quark-gluon plasma)  
  21.65.Qr (Quark matter)  
  25.75.-q (Relativistic heavy-ion collisions (collisions induced by light ions studied to calibrate relativistic heavy-ion collisions should be classified under both 25.75.-q and sections 13 or 25 appropriate to the light ions))  
  64.60.-i (General studies of phase transitions)  
Fund: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12075007, 11675004, 11947236, and PHY-2012922), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2020M680184), the U.S. Department of Energy (Grant No. DE-SC0013460), and the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, within the framework of the Beam Energy Scan Theory (BEST) Topical Collaboration.
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Shanjin Wu
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