| THE PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS |
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Exploring $J/\psi$ Production Mechanism at the Future Electron-Ion Collider |
| Jian-Wei Qiu1, Xiang-Peng Wang2, and Hongxi Xing3,4* |
1Theory Center, Jefferson Lab, 12000 Jefferson Avenue, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
2High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
4Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Southern Nuclear Science Computing Center, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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| Cite this article: |
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Jian-Wei Qiu, Xiang-Peng Wang, and Hongxi Xing 2021 Chin. Phys. Lett. 38 041201 |
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Abstract We propose to use transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$ distribution of $J/\psi$ production at the future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) to explore the production mechanism of heavy quarkonia in high energy collisions. We apply QCD and QED collinear factorization to the production of a $c\bar{c}$ pair at high $p_{\rm T}$, and non-relativistic QCD factorization to the hadronization of the pair to a $J/\psi$. We evaluate $J/\psi$ $p_{\rm T}$-distribution at both leading and next-to-leading order in strong coupling, and show that production rates for various color-spin channels of a $c\bar{c}$ pair in electron-hadron collisions are very different from that in hadron-hadron collisions, which provides a strong discriminative power to determine various transition rates for the pair to become a $J/\psi$. We predict that the $J/\psi$ produced in electron-hadron collisions is likely unpolarized, and the production is an ideal probe for gluon distribution of colliding hadron (or nucleus). We find that the $J/\psi$ production is dominated by the color-octet channel, providing an excellent probe to explore the gluon medium in large nuclei at the EIC.
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Received: 07 December 2020
Published: 06 April 2021
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| Fund: H. X. is supported by Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research (Grant No. 2020B0301030008), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12022512 and 12035007), as well as the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou (Grant No. 2019050001). J.-W.Q. is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (Grant No. DE-AC05-06OR23177), under which Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, manages and operates Jefferson Lab. X.-P. W. is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of High Energy Physics (Grant No. DE-AC02-06CH11357). This work is also supported within the framework of the TMD Topical Collaboration. |
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