| ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS |
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Experimental Realization of Degenerate Fermi Gases of $^{87}$Sr Atoms with 10 or Two Spin Components |
| Wei Qi1, Ming-Cheng Liang1, Han Zhang1, Yu-Dong Wei1, Wen-Wei Wang1, Xu-Jie Wang1, Xibo Zhang1,2,3** |
1International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871
2Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871
3Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193
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| Cite this article: |
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Wei Qi, Ming-Cheng Liang, Han Zhang et al 2019 Chin. Phys. Lett. 36 093701 |
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Abstract We report the experimental realization of quantum degenerate Fermi gases of $^{87}$Sr atoms under controlled 10- and dual-nuclear-spin configurations. Based on laser cooling and evaporative cooling, we achieve an ultracold Fermi gas of 10$^{5}$ atoms equally distributed over 10 spin states, with a temperature of $T/T_{\rm F}=0.21$. We further prepare a dual-spin gas by optically pumping atoms to the $m_{\rm F}=9/2$ and $m_{\rm F}=7/2$ states and observe a slightly lower $T/T_{\rm F}$ than that for a 10-spin gas under the same trapping condition, showing efficient evaporative cooling under a decreasing number ${\cal N}$ of spin states (${\cal N}\geqslant 2$) despite the increasing importance of Pauli exclusion. Given that rethermalization becomes less efficient with ${\cal N}$ approaching unity, we evaporatively cool an almost polarized gas to 130 nK. The simple and efficient preparation of ultracold Fermi gases of $^{87}$Sr with tunable spin configurations provides a first step towards engineering topological quantum systems.
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Received: 21 May 2019
Published: 23 August 2019
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| Fund: Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant Nos 2016YFA0300901 and 2018YFA0305601, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11874073, and the International Center for Quantum Materials of Peking University. |
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