Retrieval of Angle-Dependent Strong-Field Ionization by Using High Harmonics Generated from Aligned N$_{2}$ Molecules
Xiaoli Guo1, Cheng Jin2*, Ziqiang He1, Song-Feng Zhao3, Xiao-Xin Zhou4, and Ya Cheng1,5,6*
1State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China 2Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China 3College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China 4Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 5Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China 6Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
Abstract：We propose a method to retrieve the angle-dependent strong-field ionization of highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) from high-order harmonic generation (HHG) of aligned molecules. This method is based on the single-molecule quantitative rescattering model with known alignment distribution and photo-recombination cross sections of fixed-in-space molecules. With the macroscopic HHG of aligned N$_{2}$ molecules, we show that angle-dependent ionization of HOMO can be successfully retrieved at both low and high degrees of alignment. We then show that the error in the retrieved angular dependence of ionization becomes larger if the uncertainty in the alignment distribution is introduced in the retrieval procedure. We also examine that the retrieved ionization of HOMO is much deviated from the accurate one if the intensity of probe laser becomes higher such that inner HOMO-1 can contribute to HHG.
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2021, Vol. 38 
