1State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 3HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100084 4Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, P. O. Box 8009, Beijing 100088
Abstract：The problem of how long it takes for an electron to tunnel from one side of a barrier to the other has been debated for decades and the attoclock is a promising experimental procedure to address this problem. In the attoclock experiment, many physical effects will contribute to the experimental results and it is difficult to extract the tunneling time accurately. We numerically investigate a method of measuring the residual equivalent temporal offset (RETO) induced by the physical effects except for tunneling delay. The Coulomb potential effect, the nonadiabatic effect, the multielectron effect, and the Stark effect are considered in the theoretical model. It is shown that the ratio of the RETO of the target atoms to that of H is insensitive to the wavelength and is linearly proportional to (2$I_{\rm p}$)$^{-3/2}$. This work can help to improve the accuracy of the attoclock technique.
2020, Vol. 37 
