1Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 2School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 3Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808 4CAS Center of Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, Beijing 100190
Abstract：The diamond anvil cell-based high-pressure technique is a unique tool for creating new states of matter and for understanding the physics underlying some exotic phenomena. In situ sensing of spin and charge properties under high pressure is crucially important but remains technically challenging. While the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a promising quantum sensor under extreme conditions, its spin dynamics and the quantum control of its spin states under high pressure remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrate coherent control, spin relaxation, and spin dephasing measurements for ensemble NV centers up to 32.8 GPa. With this in situ quantum sensor, we investigate the pressure-induced magnetic phase transition of a micron-size permanent magnet Nd$_{2}$Fe$_{14}$B sample in a diamond anvil cell, with a spatial resolution of $\sim$2 μm, and sensitivity of $\sim$20 $\mu$T/Hz$^{1/2}$. This scheme could be generalized to measure other parameters such as temperature, pressure and their gradients under extreme conditions. This will be beneficial for frontier research of condensed matter physics and geophysics.
Somayazulu M, Ahart M, Mishra A K, Geballe Z M, Baldini M, Meng Y, Struzhkin V V and Hemley R J 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett.122 027001
[9]
Drozdov A P, Kong P P, Minkov V S, Besedin S P, Kuzovnikov M A, Mozaffari S, Balicas L, Balakirev F F, Graf D E, Prakapenka V B, Greenberg E, Knyazev D A, Tkacz M and Eremets M I 2019 Nature569 528
Doherty M W, Struzhkin V V, Simpson D A, McGuinness L P, Meng Y, Stacey A, Karle T J, Hemley R J, Manson N B, Hollenberg Lloyd C Łand Prawer S 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett.112 047601
Aslam N, Pfender M, Stöhr R, Neumann P, Scheffler M, Sumiya H, Abe H, Onoda S, Ohshima T, Isoya J and Wrachtrup J 2015 Rev. Sci. Instrum.86 064704
[18]
Hsieh S, Bhattacharyya P, Zu C, Mittiga T, Smart T J, Machado F, Kobrin B, Höhn T O, Rui N Z, Kamrani M, Chatterjee S, Choi S, Zaletel M, Struzhkin V V, Moore J E, Levitas V I, Jeanloz R and Yao N Y 2018 arXiv:1812.08796v1
[19]
Lesik M, Plisson T, Toraille L, Renaud J, Occelli F, Schmidt M, Salord O, Delobbe A, Debuisschert T, Rondin L, Loubeyre P and Roch J F 2018 arXiv:1812.09894v1
[20]
Yip K Y, Ho K O, Yu K Y, Chen Y, Zhang W, Kasahara S, Mizukami Y, Shibauchi T, Matsuda Y, Goh S K and Yang S 2018 arXiv:1812.10116v1
Schmitt S, Gefen T, Stürner F M, Unden T, Wolff G, Müller C, Scheuer J, Naydenov B, Markham M, Pezzagna S, Meijer J, Schwarz I, Plenio M, Retzker A, McGuinness L P and Jelezko F 2017 Science356 832
[28]
Pfender M, Wang P, Sumiya H, Onoda S, Yang W, Dasari D B R, Neumann P, Pan X Y, Isoya J, Liu R B and Wrachtrup J 2019 Nat. Commun.10 594
2019, Vol. 36 
