A Fully Symmetrical Quantum Key Distribution System Capable of Preparing and Measuring Quantum States

doi:10.1088/0256-307X/37/11/110301

Chin. Phys. Lett.

2020, Vol. 37

Issue (11): 110301 DOI: 10.1088/0256-307X/37/11/110301

A Fully Symmetrical Quantum Key Distribution System Capable of Preparing and Measuring Quantum States

Tianqi Dou

School of Science and State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China

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Tianqi Dou 2020 Chin. Phys. Lett. 37 110301

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Abstract

We propose a fully symmetrical QKD system that enables quantum states to be prepared and measured simultaneously without compromising system performance. Over a 25.6 km fiber channel, we demonstrate point-to-point QKD operations with asymmetric Mach–Zehnder interferometer modules. Two interference visibilities of above 99% indicate that the proposed system has excellent stability. Consequently, the scheme not only improves the feasibility of distributing secret keys, but also enables QKD closer to more practical applications.

Keywords: 03.67.Dd 03.67.Hk 03.67.-a

Received: 17 July 2020 Published: 08 November 2020

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https://cpl.iphy.ac.cn/10.1088/0256-307X/37/11/110301 OR https://cpl.iphy.ac.cn/Y2020/V37/I11/110301

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Fig. 1 Schematic of the experimental setup. LD: laser diode; IM: intensity modulator; PC: polarization controller; ATT: attenuator; Cir/CIR: circulator; BS: beam splitter; PM: phase modulator; FR: Faraday rotator; DL: delay line; PBS: polarization beam splitter; SC: Sagnac configuration; EPC: electronic polarization controller; QC: quantum channel; SPD: single photon detector. The difference between the CIR and Cir is that the former makes pulses enter from port 3 and exit at port 1, while the latter cannot. In other words, for the CIR, pulses entering from one port will exit at the subsequent port in a clockwise direction.

Fig. 2 The theoretical and experimental key rates of the proposed scheme. The colored surface indicated in (b) represents the theoretical key rate changes with different transmission distances, while the black line indicates the key rate at a 25.6 km optical transmission distance. The black solid lines in (a) and (c) are the experimental key rates at a 25.6 km fiber distance over an hour; (a) represents the key rate where Alice prepares the quantum states and Bob measures the received quantum states, while (c) indicates the key rate for the reverse communication, where Bob prepares the quantum states and Alice measures them.

Fig. 3 Measured interference visibilities within an hour. The internal subgraphs are the histogram of corresponding interference visibility distribution. (a) The interference visibility of the communication with Alice preparing quantum states and Bob measuring them. (b) The interference visibility of the reverse communication.

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