| CONDENSED MATTER: ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE, ELECTRICAL, MAGNETIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES |
|
|
|
|
Performance and Stability of Polymer Solar Cells Based on the Blends of Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) and Indene-C$_{60}$ Bis-Adduct |
| Min-Nan Guo1,2, Shao-Wei Liu1,2, Na Guo1,2, Li-Ying Yang1,2, Wen-Jing Qin1,2, Shou-Gen Yin1,2 |
1Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384
2Tianjin Key Lab for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384
|
|
| Cite this article: |
|
Min-Nan Guo, Shao-Wei Liu, Na Guo et al 2016 Chin. Phys. Lett. 33 077201 |
|
|
|
|
Abstract The performance and morphology stability of polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as the donor and indene-C$_{60}$ bisadduct (ICBA) or methanofullerene [6,6]-phenyl C$_{61}$-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as the acceptor are compared. Effect of the different donor and acceptor weight ratios on photovoltaic performance of the P3HT:ICBA device is studied. The optimal device achieved power conversion efficiency of 5.51% with $J_{\rm sc}$ of 10.86 mA/cm$^{2}$, $V_{\rm oc}$ of 0.83 V, and fill factor (FF) of 61.1 % under AM 1.5 G (100 mW/cm$^{2})$ simulated solar illumination. However, the stability measurement shows that cells based on P3HT:ICBA are less stable than those of the device based on P3HT:PCBM. Atomic force microscope results reveal that the morphology of the P3HT:ICBA film changed considerably during the storage periods due to unstable interpenetrating D-A network. This observation can be explained by the fact that there is lack of intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the P3HT:ICBA system. However, in the P3HT:PCBM system the molecules in the blend film are firmly held together in the solid state by means of intermolecular hydrogen bonds originating from C-H$\cdots$Os bonds (where Os comes from the singly-bonded O atom of PCBM), forming a stable three-dimensional network. The measured PL decay lifetimes for P3HT:PCBM and P3HT:ICBA systems are 33.66 ns and 35.34 ns, respectively, indicating that the P3HT:ICBA system has a less efficient exciton separation efficiency than that of P3HT:PCBM, which may result in the interfacial photogenerated charges accumulated on the D: A interface. Such progressive phase segregation between P3HT and ICBA eventually leads to the degradation in performance and deteriorates the stability of the device. We also present an approach to enhance the stability of P3HT:ICBA systems by adding PCBM as the second acceptor. Our results show that by carefully tuning the contents of PCBM as the second acceptor, more stable polymer solar cells can be obtained.
|
|
|
Received: 15 November 2015
Published: 01 August 2016
|
|
| PACS: |
72.80.Le
|
(Polymers; organic compounds (including organic semiconductors))
|
| |
88.40.jr
|
(Organic photovoltaics)
|
| |
72.40.+w
|
(Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects)
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] | Robert F S 2011 Science 332 293 | | [2] | Liang Y Y, Xu Z, Xia J B, Tsai S T, Wu Y, Li G, Ray C and Yu L P 2010 Adv. Mater. 22 135 | | [3] | Yu G, Gao J, Hummelen J C, Wudl F and Heeger A J 1995 Science 270 1789 | | [4] | Ouyang X H, Peng R X, Ai L, Zhang X Y and Ge Z Y 2015 Nat. Photon. 9 520 | | [5] | Krebs F C, Espinosa N, H?sel M, S?ndergaard R R and J?rgensen M 2014 Adv. Mater. 26 29 | | [6] | Price S C, Stuart A C, Yang L, Zhou H and You W 2011 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 4625 | | [7] | Yue W, Zhao J L, Wei M, Ye H, Huo L J, Guo X, Zhang M J, Ade H and Hou J H 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 3449 | | [8] | Son H J, Lu L Y, Chen W, Xu T, Zheng T Y, Carsten B, Strzalka J, Darling S B, Chen L X and Yu L P 2013 Adv. Mater. 25 838 | | [9] | Zhao G J, He Y J and Li Y F 2010 Adv. Mater. 22 4355 | | [10] | He Y J, Chen H Y, Hou J H and Li Y F 2010 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 1377 | | [11] | J?rgensen M, Norrman K and Krebs F C 2008 Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 92 686 | | [12] | Reese M O, Gevorgyan S A, J?rgensen M, Bundgaard E, Kurtz S R, Ginley D S, Olson D C, Lloyd M T, Morvillo P, Katz E A, Elschner A, Haillant O, Currier T R, Shrotriya V, Hermenau M, Riede M, Kirov K R, Trimmel G, Rath T, Inganas O, Zhang F, Andersson M, Tvingstedt K, Lira-Cantu M, Laird D, McGuiness C, Gowrisanker S, Pannone M, Xiao M, Hauch J, Steim R, DeLongchamp D M, Rosch R, Hoppe H, Espinosa N, Urbina A, Yaman-Uzunoglu G, Bonekamp J B, van Breemen A J J M, Girotto C, Voroshazi E and Krebs F C 2011 Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 95 1253 | | [13] | Jia Y H, Yang L Y, Qin W J, Yin S G, Zhang F L and Wei J 2013 Renewable Energy 50 565 | | [14] | Ma W L, Gopinathan A and Heeger A J 2007 Adv. Mater. 19 3656 | | [15] | Yang X N, Loos J, Veenstra S C, Verhees W J H, Wienk M M, Kroon J M, Michels M A J and Janssen R A J 2005 Nano Lett. 5 579 | | [16] | Muller C, Ferenczi T A M, Campoy-Quiles M, Frost J M, Bradley D D C, Smith P, Stingelin-Stutzmann N and Nelson J 2008 Adv. Mater. 20 3510 | | [17] | Huang J H, Hsiao Y S, Richard E, Chen C C, Chen P, Li G, Chu C W and Yang Y 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 043304 | | [18] | Sheng C Q, Li W J, Du Y Y, Chen G H, Chen Z, Li H Y and Li H N 2015 AIP Adv. 5 097201 |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
